Blog Week 29

On Monday, I was absent. On Tuesday, we worked on reactant equations. We watched Ethanol react with something and oxygen. Then we tested to see if it would combust and it did. A combustion reaction makes carbon dioxide and water.

Combustion -> CO2 + H2O. We had an equation for our experiment it was: C2H6O + 3O2, we found the molar mass for C2H6O = 46.08 g/mol and the molar mass for 96 g/mol. So, 46.08 + 96 = 142.08 g/mol. Then we found the reaction equation C2H6O + 3O2 -> 2CO2 + 3H2O. The molar mass for 2CO2 is 88.02 g/mol and the molar mass for 3H20 is 54.06 g/mol. So, 88.02 + 54.06 = 142.08 g/mol. So, the reaction equation is right because the molar masses are equal from before and after the reaction. C2H6O + 3O2 -> 2CO2 + 3H2O, so for every 1 C2H6O there's three H20. Then for every 50 C2H6O there's 15o H2O. We also, went over the equation for g<--> mol, they are g x 1mol/__g = __mol and mol x __g/1mol =__g. On Wednesday, we learned how to do BCA tables. We did a practice:
               2H2S + 3O2 --> SO2 + 2H2O <-- need 3O2 to get rid of 2H2S.
Before:   +2.4       XS          Ø           Ø     <--- Ø because it's being produced 
Change:  -2.4       -3.6        +2.4      +2.4  <-- are mols  
________________________________  <-- 3.6 because it's a 2:3 ratio, (3/2) x 2.4 = 3.6 
After:        0           XS        +2.4      +2.4

After that we wanted to find out how much (g) of H20 did we produce?
mol x molar mass/1 mol = g
2.4mol H2O x 18g/1 mol = 43.2 g.
    ^                      ^
in equation      H2=2 and O = 16 H2O = 18

On Thursday, we did more examples:

2.            C3H8 + 5O2 --> 3CO2 + 4H2O <-- needed to balance equation

Before:       +4       XS          Ø           Ø       <--- Ø because it's being produced 

Change:      -4       -20        +12        +16     <-- are mols  

________________________________    <-- 4 bc it's a 1:3 ratio, (1/3) x 12 = 4; 20 bc 1:5, (1/5) x 4 = 20

After:           0         XS        +12      +16          16 bc 1:4, (1/4) x 4 = 16

6.           3H2 + N2 --> 2NH3 <-- need 3H2 to get rid of N2.

Before:   .45     .15           Ø     <--- Ø because it's being produced 

Change:  -.45    -.15       +.30  <-- are mols  

________________________<-- .45 bc it's a 3:1, (3/1) x .15 = .45 and .30 bc it's a 2:1, (2/1) x .15 = .30   

After:       0         0          +.30

Then we wanted to find how much (g) of 2NH3 we produced?

molar masses N=14 H3=3 

17g/1mol x .30 = 5.1 g of 3NH3.

On Friday, we took an assessment. I think I did okay, but I didn't know the type of chemical reaction. Then I took the assessment from last week. I understood everything, except the chemical reactions.

Blog Week 27

On Monday, we were in the computer lab working on a way to help us name compounds. On Tuesday, we continued our work on that, I used popplet to do my work. This is the link to my work: http://popplet.com/app/#/941419. We also talked about blogs and how they will now be graded. Nathon Jones will be grading my blog and I will be grading his. He will make sure I fully understand what we learned during class and if I added pictures. On Wednesday, we did an experiment. We took 70mL of HCl acid and mixed it with .5 grams of metal. But first we filled the trough with water and two bottles full of water to catch the gas and we could find out the amount of gas by water displacement. We then added the calcium metal to the HCl acid and gas began to fill up the bottle. At the end of the experiment we collected 650mL of gas, which converted into 0.65L of gas. While the gas was being made the flask became warm and the HCl acid became white and cloudy. Once we collected the gas we tested it for combustibility and it was combustible. We found out that 0.10 mol is in 1L. There was 0.07L of HCl and I can not figure how to convert it to mols, I know 1L is 0.10 mols but I don't know how to get 0.07L into mols. Then Calcium had a mass of .5 and I used the equation grams to mols to get the number of mols for Calcium. 0.5/x = 40.08/1 -> .5=40.08x -> x = 0.0125 mol. The number of mols is 0.0125 for Calcium. I haven't figured out the gas that was produced yet. Here are some pictures from the lab:

 On Thursday, we debriefed our lab. We wanted to answer these questions: 1) Temperature change? 2) The gas? 3) Chemical reaction? 4) Stoichiometry?. Stoichiometry means the measurement of chemical reactions. The temperature changed in the flask, when the calcium was added to the Hydrochloric acid, the flask became warm. The gas that was created was CaCl2 + H2. The equation was Ca + 2HCl -> CaCl2 + H2, because Ca and H can't combine because they are both positive, but for Ca and Cl to combine we need one Ca with a charge of +2 and two Cl to get a charge of -2; to "cancel" out the the Ca charge. Then the H2 is there because it doesn't dissolve. The ratio for this problem: 1 Ca need 2 HCl. Reaction is the arrangement of atoms to form different substances. On Friday, we worked on the three worksheets we got on Thursday. I finished all the worksheets and tweeted my whiteboard picture to Mr. Abud. Here's some questions from the worksheets:
~BaCl2 + F2 -> BaF2 + Cl2. This is the reaction because Ba has a charge of 2+ and Cl has a charge of 2- and F2 has a charge of 2-. So Ba combines with F2 because they make a neutral charge together and Cl2 doesn't go away and it can't combine with the neutral charge.
~NaCl + Ag -> AgCl + Na This is the reaction because Na has a charge of 2+ and Cl has a charge of 2- and Ag has a charge of 2+. So, Ag and Cl combine to become a neutral compound and Na doesn't go away.

Blog Week 26

On Monday, we all shared what we did over break. Then we reviewed some things. We talked about the experiment, where we undid the compounds. We undid the compound CuCl to get separate atoms copper and chloride. We undid the compound by moving electrons around through the system. On Tuesday, we talked about vocabulary. Molecules have can have a positive or negative or neutral charge. Atoms have a neutral charge and when they gain or lose electrons, they become ions and ions have a negative or positive charge. Compounds have a neutral charge. There are two types of compounds we are working with, ionic compounds and molecular compounds. Ionic compounds are compounds of ions that form neutral charges and metals and nonmetals are bonded to together to form the compound. Molecular compounds are nonmetals and nonmetals bonded together. Polyatomicion are  compounds with charges. Below and to the left are some examples:

We also went over how to figure out charges of each atom in a compound. Below and to the right is an example:


We went over how to bond an polyatimicion compound with atoms to make them neutral. From example SO4charge-2 is combined with 2 Na because Na has a charge of +1 and if we use two Na with SO4 they will cancel out each other's charges forming a compound of Na2SO4. On Wednesday, I was absent. On Thursday, we did some visual learning with people being electrons and atoms. I tried my best to take notes on the example and they are to the left. We then did then the worksheet and I understood it pretty good and it will come in handy to study from.
On Friday, we took an assessment and I understood most of the questions. I hope I did good on the assessment.

Blog Week 25

On Monday, we turned in our electroscopes. We tested them by rubbing a balloon to our shirts, then I put the charged balloon to the copper coil on the top of the jar. I know it worked because once I put the balloon to the copper coil the aluminum foil leaves that were in my jar, connected by the copper coil, moved apart. The way this all worked was: when I rubbed the balloon to my sweater it collected electrons, then when it was put to the copper coil the copper took the electrons from the balloons, then those electrons charged both aluminum foil leaves with negative charges, which caused them to repel against each other. Once the aluminum foil leaves and electroscope were charged, I put a zinc plate to the copper coil at the top of the jar and doing that took away the electrons in the aluminum foil leaves, and once the electrons were transferred to the zinc plate, the aluminum foil leaves didn't have a charge so they didn't repel. Here are some pictures below:

  

On Tuesday and Wednesday, I was absent. On Thursday, we mixed calcium acetate, which an ionic compound and ethanol, to make sterno. Once we mixed the two things together and they combined making a solid, we light the solid on fire and it made a fire. Then we roasted marshmallows. Here are some pictures of our fire:

  

On Friday, we don't have school. Hope you have a great spring break!

Blog Week 24

On Monday talked about an experiment, we did a stimulation on the internet of rubbing a balloon on a sweater and seeing if it attracts to the wall and sweater. When the balloon was rubbed against the sweater, the balloon took the negative charges through static friction. The balloon got a negative charge and the sweater is now a positive charge and the wall has a neutral charge. The balloon was attracted to the sweater because they had opposite charges. The balloon was also attracted to the wall, but it was a very small attraction, because the wall had a neutral charge. This picture below shows the balloon attraction to the sweater and the wall.

We then learned some terms. Neutral has equal (+) and (-), evenly distributed charge. Charged is unequal (+) and (-) charge. Polar is equal (+) and (-), but uneven distribution. Dipole are organized charges at different ends, they are exact opposites. We also learned that the only charges that move are negative charges. Tomorrow we are learning about how charges have to do with compounds. On Tuesday, we talked about dipoles. We found out that H2O are dipole atoms. Which means that oxygen has a slightly negative charge and hydrogen has a slightly positive charge. So when two H2O atoms are by each other the oxygen attracts to the hydrogen molecules. The structure that it makes is called a crystal lattice structure. Water melting means enough energy to separate the attraction of each molecule between each other. IMFs are intermolecular forces, electrostatic attraction between molecules because of dipoles. IMF is also a dipole interaction involving H atoms in molecules. We then learned that ions are atoms with a charge and an atom that has an unequal amount of (+) and (-) charge and lastly it loses or gains an electron. If Na atom loses an electron then it turns in an ion and becomes a Na+1. If Cl atom gained an electron then it turns into an ion and becomes a Cl-1. We found out that electron carriers are oxygen and NAD+, they transfer electrons to other molecules. To make ionic compounds it would be like this: Na+1<-->Cl-1 = NaCl. On Wednesday, we did a worksheet. I understood question 1-4, but the rest were very difficult. I tweeted out my answers and these pictures show my answers to the questions.

On Thursday, we were to do the worksheets skill practice 19 and chem Quest 19. I worked alone on both worksheets. I understood the answers once I worked backwards on how to find the answer. I hope I have the right idea. I was going to redo the worksheets to practice for the assessment tomorrow. I hope I can understand it enough to do well on the assessment. Also, I tweeted my answers to both worksheets. On Friday, we took an assessment. I felt like I did pretty good, I understood almost all of it. I hope I did good.

Blog Week 23

On Monday, I was absent. On Tuesday, I was absent. On Wednesday, we talked about the lab that was done on Tuesday. I didn't really follow the talk about the lab. I learned that an electron is smaller than an atom and it has a negative charge. Atoms where discovered by John Dalton, while electrons where discovered by JJ Thomson, he did the experiment that proved electrons had a negative charge. In the atom there's a positive charge all around the electrons. It's like plum pudding the electrons are the plums and the positive charge is the pudding. When two neutrals are rubbed together, after that they each get a separate charge, one positive and the other negative. Negative and positive attract, negative and neutral attract, positive and neutral attract. On Tuesday, we did an experiment to find out which materials could conduct electricity. We found out that metals are conductive. This is a list of materials that are conductive: silver fork, silver plate, foil, copper, iron, brass, pop can and license plate. This is a list of materials that are not conductive: card board, glass and water. We also learned that electricity is the flow of electrons. On Friday, we talked about particle diagrams. We talked of how electrons move through each material, but they have to be conductive. I'm still not sure I get all of this information, but I will caught on eventually.

Blog Week 21

On Monday, we continued practicing with mol problems. My group got question seven from unit five worksheet two. We got the atomic mass for iron, which was 55.8g, but since the substance was Fe2O3 we timed 55.8 x 2 = 111.6g. Then we got the atomic mass for oxygen, which was 16g, then we timed 16 x 3 = 48g because the substance was Fe2O3. After that we added those two numbers together to get 159.6 and that number is the mass for one mol. So, we then set up the equation: 2.50kg x 1000g/1kg x 1mol/159.6g, we added the 1000g/1kg because the masses need to be the same unit, so they could be canceled out. The answer we ended with was 15.7 mol Fe2O3. We then listened to the other groups questions, which were numbers six and eight. They each got the right answers, I did the same problems for extra practice, in the picture below is my work on the problems.

On Tuesday, went over how to do the problems we've been practicing in class. We first talked about turning grams to mols. First you find the molar mass of the substance in question, it relates the grams for every one mol of the substance. We then add up the molar masses of all the atoms in substance. We then came to the conclusion that the equation is: 1mol/mass(g) x g = mol. We then talked about how to turn mol into grams. First you have to find the molar mass and add up all the atoms. We the decided that the equation is: mol x mass(g)/1mol = g. Then we went onto say the equation for mol to molecules is: mol x 6.02x10^23molecules/1mol = molecules. So to get molecules to mol the equation is: molecules x 1mol/6.02x10^23molecules = mol. At the end of class we were introduced to the electrolysis apparatus.
On Wednesday, we had a shortened period, sadly to say goodbye to Mr. Toby. During the class we did an experiment, creating hydrogen and oxygen gases by adding electricity to the system. The information we wanted to obtain was the volumes of each gas, along with mass, molar masses, and mols. I got the measurements and wrote them down, but I wasn't if they were correct. On Thursday, I fixed and my work and my group ended up being correct. The volume of hydrogen was 2 and the volume for oxygen was 1. From their used the densities I looked up on Wednesday, but we had to convert them, because they were in liters not milliliters. We then wanted to find the mass. So for hydrogen this was our equation: m/2 = 89.88, m = 0.1798g. Then equation for oxygen's mass was: m/1 = 1.429g. Then we needed to find the mols. So we had the molar masses, which are the atomic masses and since it was H2 and O2, we multiplied the molar masses by two. So, hydrogen's molar mass was 2.02 and oxygen's molar mass was 32g. To get mols we set up the equations for oxygen and hydrogen. Oxygen's equation was: 1/32 x 1,429 = .0447 mol. Hydrogen's equation was: 1/2.02 x 89.99 = .089mol. Which proved that water was H2O a 2 to 1 ratio. You called it the empirical formula. You said based on the mass we can find mol, then find the ratio and then the formula. (I hope I all the numbers are right, you told us we needed to divide by a 1000 instead of multiply by 1000, so I hope I fixed it right.) This picture below shows my groups data. The one on the right is the set up of the experiment.

On Friday, we took an assessment. I didn't really like taking it on my phone. I guess I'm old fashioned in my test taking. I prefer to do my tests on paper. I think I did ok on the assessment, but some questions were really confusing.